[improvement](mv) Support to use cast when create sync materialized view (#38008)

Support to use cast when create sync materialized view
Such as sync mv def is as following:

you can use cast(FLOOR(MINUTE(`time`) / 15) as decimal(9, 0)) in mv
def which is not allowed before.

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW sync_mv
AS
SELECT 
  decision,
  code, 
  app_name, 
  event_id, 
  event_type, 
  date_trunc(time, 'minute'), 
  DATE_FORMAT(
    `time`, '%Y-%m-%d'
  ), 
  cast(FLOOR(MINUTE(time) / 15) as decimal(9, 0)),
  count(id) as cnt
from 
  test 
group by 
  code, 
  app_name, 
  event_id, 
  event_type, 
  date_trunc(time, 'minute'), 
  decision, 
  DATE_FORMAT(time, '%Y-%m-%d'), 
  cast(FLOOR(MINUTE(`time`) / 15) as decimal(9, 0));

Author: seawinde

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/analysis/CreateMaterializedViewStmt.java

@@ -273,8 +273,9 @@ public void analyzeSelectClause(Analyzer analyzer) throws AnalysisException {
 
             Expr selectListItemExpr = selectListItem.getExpr();
             selectListItemExpr.setDisableTableName(true);
-            if (!(selectListItemExpr instanceof SlotRef) && !(selectListItemExpr instanceof FunctionCallExpr)
-                    && !(selectListItemExpr instanceof ArithmeticExpr)) {
+            Expr realItem = selectListItemExpr.unwrapExpr(false);
+            if (!(realItem instanceof SlotRef) && !(realItem instanceof FunctionCallExpr)
+                    && !(realItem instanceof ArithmeticExpr)) {
                 throw new AnalysisException("The materialized view only support the single column or function expr. "
                         + "Error column: " + selectListItemExpr.toSql());
             }

regression-test/data/mv_p0/contain_cast/mv_contains_cast.out

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+-- This file is automatically generated. You should know what you did if you want to edit this
+-- !query_before --
+cc	2024-07-0300000:00	1
+cc	2024-07-0300015:00	1
+cd	2024-07-0300000:00	1
+
+-- !query_after --
+cc	2024-07-0300000:00	1
+cc	2024-07-0300015:00	1
+cd	2024-07-0300000:00	1
+

regression-test/suites/mv_p0/contain_cast/mv_contains_cast.groovy

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+suite("mv_contains_cast") {
+    String db = context.config.getDbNameByFile(context.file)
+    sql "use ${db}"
+    sql "set runtime_filter_mode=OFF";
+    sql "SET ignore_shape_nodes='PhysicalDistribute,PhysicalProject'"
+
+    sql """
+    drop table if exists test;
+    """
+
+    sql """
+        CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test (
+        `app_name` VARCHAR(64) NULL COMMENT '标识', 
+        `event_id` VARCHAR(128) NULL COMMENT '标识', 
+        `decision` VARCHAR(32) NULL COMMENT '枚举值', 
+        `time` DATETIME NULL COMMENT '查询时间', 
+        `id` VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL COMMENT 'od', 
+        `code` VARCHAR(64) NULL COMMENT '标识', 
+        `event_type` VARCHAR(32) NULL COMMENT '事件类型' 
+        )
+        DUPLICATE KEY(app_name, event_id)
+        PARTITION BY RANGE(time)                                                                                                                                                                                                                
+        (                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
+         FROM ("2024-07-01 00:00:00") TO ("2024-07-15 00:00:00") INTERVAL 1 HOUR                                                                                                                                                                              
+        )     
+        DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(event_id)
+        BUCKETS 3 PROPERTIES ("replication_num" = "1");
+    """
+
+    sql """
+    insert into test values
+    ('aa', 'bc', 'cc', '2024-07-03 01:15:30', 'dd', 'ee', 'ff'),
+    ('as', 'bd', 'cd', '2024-07-03 06:09:30', 'dd', 'ee', 'ff'),
+    ('ad', 'be', 'cc', '2024-07-03 07:06:30', 'dd', 'ee', 'ff'),
+    ('af', 'bf', 'ce', '2024-07-04 10:01:30', 'dd', 'ee', 'ff'),
+    ('ag', 'bc', 'cc', '2024-07-04 12:55:30', 'dd', 'ee', 'ff'),
+    ('aa', 'bc', 'cc', '2024-07-05 01:15:30', 'dd', 'ee', 'ff'),
+    ('as', 'bd', 'cd', '2024-07-05 06:09:30', 'dd', 'ee', 'ff'),
+    ('ad', 'be', 'cc', '2024-07-06 07:06:30', 'dd', 'ee', 'ff'),
+    ('af', 'bf', 'ce', '2024-07-07 10:01:30', 'dd', 'ee', 'ff'),
+    ('ag', 'bc', 'cc', '2024-07-08 12:55:30', 'dd', 'ee', 'ff');
+    """
+
+    def query_sql = """
+    SELECT 
+    decision, 
+    CONCAT(
+        CONCAT(
+          DATE_FORMAT(
+            `time`, '%Y-%m-%d'
+          ), 
+          '', 
+          LPAD(
+            cast(FLOOR(MINUTE(`time`) / 15) as decimal(9, 0)) * 15, 
+            5, 
+            '00'
+          ), 
+          ':00'
+        )
+      ) as time, 
+      count(id) as cnt 
+    from 
+      test 
+    where 
+    date_trunc(time, 'minute') BETWEEN '2024-07-02 18:00:00' 
+      AND '2024-07-03 20:00:00' 
+    group by 
+      decision, 
+      DATE_FORMAT(
+        `time`, "%Y-%m-%d"
+      ), 
+      cast(FLOOR(MINUTE(`time`) / 15) as decimal(9, 0));
+    """
+
+    order_qt_query_before "${query_sql}"
+
+    createMV("""
+    CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW sync_mv
+    AS
+    SELECT 
+      decision,
+      code, 
+      app_name, 
+      event_id, 
+      event_type, 
+      date_trunc(time, 'minute'), 
+      DATE_FORMAT(
+        `time`, '%Y-%m-%d'
+      ), 
+      cast(FLOOR(MINUTE(time) / 15) as decimal(9, 0)),
+      count(id) as cnt
+    from 
+      test 
+    group by 
+      code, 
+      app_name, 
+      event_id, 
+      event_type, 
+      date_trunc(time, 'minute'), 
+      decision, 
+      DATE_FORMAT(time, '%Y-%m-%d'), 
+      cast(FLOOR(MINUTE(`time`) / 15) as decimal(9, 0));
+    """)
+
+    explain {
+        sql("""${query_sql}""")
+        contains "(sync_mv)"
+    }
+
+    order_qt_query_after "${query_sql}"
+}