Update the stats cache batch by batch instead of updating once in periodic statistics update worker

[winoros]

Enhancement

In our big test cluster, many tables may be updated in one single round updating.

Currently, we only call the UpdateStatsCache only once when we get all the tables finished.

It's not very efficient and may cause inconsistency issues since the interval between getting a table from the cache and pushing the table back to the cache may be quite long.

[winoros]

It's also one related issue to #57631 (comment)

[jebter]

Releted to issue: #60283