planner: TiDB server can't start due to loading binding panic

[qw4990]

Bug Report

Please answer these questions before submitting your issue. Thanks!

1. Minimal reproduce step (Required)

1. Insert some invalid queries that can cause the Optimizer panic;
2. Restart the TiDB server;

2. What did you expect to see? (Required)

The TiDB Server can handle the panic and restart normally.

3. What did you see instead (Required)

It can't restart.

Since when starting, TiDB has to load all bindings into memory, but TiDB has no protective measure for panic, which causes TiDB to be unable to restart successfully.

4. What is your TiDB version? (Required)

Master